For Physicians

Material properties, handling, and clinical context.

Information provided for licensed clinicians evaluating amniotic and placental tissue for use in supervised therapeutic procedures.

Clinical Use Cases

Recognized contexts of use.

Burn Management

Temporary biological coverage of partial- and full-thickness burns.

Ophthalmologic Repair

Supportive use in corneal and conjunctival surface reconstruction.

Soft Tissue Applications

Adjunctive coverage in select reconstructive procedures.

Material Properties

Reported characteristics of amniotic membrane.

Anti-inflammatory environment
Contains cytokines and growth factors associated with modulation of local inflammatory response.
Structural matrix support
Native collagen-rich extracellular matrix architecture.
Barrier function
Semi-permeable membrane providing wound coverage.
Low immunogenicity
Reported reduced expression of HLA Class II antigens.

Handling & Availability

Storage, shelf life, and ordering.

Storage Formats

Available in dehydrated and cryopreserved formats, where indicated.

Shelf Life

Format-dependent. Detailed specifications provided per shipment.

Ordering

Coordinated through verified institutional or surgical practice accounts.

Research & Literature

Selected references.

  • Dua HS, Gomes JAP, King AJ, Maharajan VS. The amniotic membrane in ophthalmology. Survey of Ophthalmology. 2004;49(1):51–77.
  • Rahman I, Said DG, Maharajan VS, Dua HS. Amniotic membrane in ophthalmology: indications and limitations. Eye. 2009;23(10):1954–1961.
  • Koob TJ, Rennert R, Zabek N, et al. Biological properties of dehydrated human amnion/chorion composite graft: implications for chronic wound healing. International Wound Journal. 2013;10(5):493–500.
  • Zelen CM, Serena TE, Denozière G, Fetterolf DE. A prospective randomised comparative parallel study of amniotic membrane wound graft in the management of diabetic foot ulcers. International Wound Journal. 2013;10(5):502–507.
  • Mamede AC, Carvalho MJ, Abrantes AM, Laranjo M, Maia CJ, Botelho MF. Amniotic membrane: from structure and functions to clinical applications. Cell and Tissue Research. 2012;349(2):447–458.
  • Niknejad H, Peirovi H, Jorjani M, Ahmadiani A, Ghanavi J, Seifalian AM. Properties of the amniotic membrane for potential use in tissue engineering. European Cells and Materials. 2008;15:88–99.
  • Castellanos G, Bernabé-García Á, Moraleda JM, Nicolás FJ. Amniotic membrane application for the healing of chronic wounds and ulcers. Placenta. 2017;59:146–153.
  • Lim LS, Poh RW, Riau AK, Beuerman RW, Tan DT, Mehta JS. Biological and therapeutic properties of the amniotic membrane and its potential role in regenerative medicine. Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 2021;10(5):639–656.
  • Tseng SCG, Li DQ, Ma X. Suppression of transforming growth factor-beta isoforms, TGF-β receptor type II, and myofibroblast differentiation in cultured human corneal and limbal fibroblasts by amniotic membrane matrix. Journal of Cellular Physiology. 1999;179(3):325–335.
  • Hao Y, Ma DHK, Hwang DG, Kim WS, Zhang F. Identification of antiangiogenic and antiinflammatory proteins in human amniotic membrane. Cornea. 2000;19(3):348–352.